24 significantly less space than air ducts (CDDI-6). Refrigerant lines can carry even more heat per volume and thus require even less space, a reason why they are becoming popular for retrofit projects. The heat delivery medium choice adds another filter to the HVAC selector form to hone in on a final system choice. Once the above laid out three choices have been made, the reader can compare the remaining system options via the performance criteria discussed in the next chapter. Summary The HVAC selector form, linked at the bottom right of each book spread takes the reader through a series of steps to identify suitable HVAC systems for their projects. The first step is concerned with identifying a suitable ventilation systems for the building such as natural, hybrid, all air or minimum outdoor air. The second step sets the fuel type for the heating system, for example electricity. For non all air systems, the final step requires the reader to select a heat delivery medium such as electricity, water or a refrigerant. References 1 A. Irani and C. Reinhart, 2025, "Bridging the gap – Understanding and Enhancing the HVAC Coordination Process from the Perspective of Architects and Sustainability Analysts through an Online Survey and Guided Interviews," under review 2 Y. Teo, J. Yap, H. An, S. Yu, L. Zhangand K. Cheong, 2022, "Enhancing the MEP Coordination Process with BIM Technology and Management Strategies," Sensors, 22:13 3 J. Landler, 2013, "The architect-MEP Engineer Disconnect," Interdisciplinary Environmental Review, 14(2), 121 4 S. Mollaoglu-Korkmaz,L. Swarup and D. Riley, 2013, "Delivering Sustainable, High-Performance Buildings: Influence of Project Delivery Methods on Integration and Project Outcomes," Journal of Management in Engineering, 29, 71-78 5 C. Reinhart, 2025, Climate-Driven Design I, Building Technology Press, Cambridge, MA, USA. 6 M. Deru et al., 2011, U.S. DOE Commercial Reference Building Models of the National Building Stock, Technical Report, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/TP-5500-46861, pp. 1–118, February 2011 7 The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2022, ANSI/ ASHRAE/IES Standard 962.1-2022, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, Atlanta 8 S. Herb, S. Wolk and C. Reinhart, 2025, “Beyond the Bioclimatic Chart: An Automated Simulation-Based Method for the Assessment of Natural Ventilation and Passive Design Potential,” Building and Environment, 112362 9 Electricity Maps, https://www.electricitymaps.com, last accessed April 2025
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