14 % Completion 50% completion Setting energy targets (n= 34 respondents) Developing energy model (n= 32 respondents) Developing MEP design narrative with system options model (n= 32 respondents) Developing space requirements for MEP systems (n= 31 respondents) Designing floor to floor section with ductwork (n= 32 respondents) Designing preliminary duct and system layout (n= 31 respondents) Producing design drawings with full ductwork (n= 29 respondents) Pre-concept design Concept design Schematic design Design development Construction documentation 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 100 75 50 25 0 Fig 1.4 According to a 2025 survey of North American practitioners, HVAC-related design services are worked on later than other environmental design tasks
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